Butethal

A summary of the most common chemical descriptors (InChI Key and SMILES codes) for Butethal are summarized together with 3D and 2D structures and relevant physico-chemical properties.

What is the Butethal?

The molecule Butethal presents a molecular formula of C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃ and its IUPAC name is 5-butyl-5-ethyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione.

Butethal, also known as 2-methyl-2-propanol or 2-methylpropan-2-ol, is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity odor. It is a structural isomer of 2-propanol, also known as isopropyl alcohol. Butethal is commonly used as a solvent and as a precursor for the manufacture of chemicals such as butyl acetate and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)..

Butethal is produced by the hydration of isobutylene, which is obtained from the refining of crude oil or from the steam cracking of naphtha or natural gas liquids. The hydration process involves the reaction of isobutylene with steam in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid. The resulting mixture is then distilled to separate the butethal from other products such as acetone and propylene glycol..

Butethal has a number of industrial uses. It is often used as a solvent for resins, plastics, and coatings, as well as in the production of personal care and cleaning products. It is also used as a denaturant in the production of ethanol for industrial and medicinal purposes..

Butethal has a lower flash point and higher vapor pressure than 2-propanol, which means it is more flammable and more volatile. It is classified as a hazardous substance and should be handled with caution. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established a permissible exposure limit for butethal of 200 ppm (parts per million) in the workplace air for an 8-hour workday, 40-hour workweek..

Exposure to high levels of butethal can be harmful to humans. Inhalation of vapors can cause dizziness, headaches, and nausea. Skin contact can cause irritation and defatting of the skin. Ingestion of butethal can cause vomiting and abdominal pain..

Summary

From all the above, this molecule is a clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity odor that is used as a solvent and precursor for the manufacture of chemicals. It has a number of industrial uses, but it is classified as a hazardous substance and should be handled with caution due to its flammability and potential health effects..

3D structure

Cartesian coordinates

Geometry of Butethal in x, y and z coordinates (Å units) to copy/paste elsewhere. Generated with Open Babel software.

2D drawing

Molecule descriptors

Other names (synonyms)

IUPAC nomenclature provides a standardized method for naming chemical compounds. Although this system is widely used in chemistry, many chemical compounds have also other names commonly used in different contexts. These synonyms can come from a variety of sources and are used for a variety of purposes.

One common source of synonyms for chemical compounds is the common or trivial names, assigned on the basis of appearance, properties, or origin of the molecule.

Another source of synonyms are historical or obsolete names employed in the past, however replaced nowadays by more modern or standardized names.

In addition to common and historical names, chemical compounds may also have synonyms that are specific to a particular field or industry.

Reference codes for other databases

• CAS number (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number) is a unique identifier is assigned to every chemical compound indexed in the CAS database.
• Beilstein: The Beilstein database is a comprehensive source of information on organic chemistry, including information on chemical structures, properties, and reactions. The Beilstein database assigns unique identifiers which can be used to identify compounds in scientific literature and other sources.
• ChEBI (Chemical Entities of Biological Interest): ChEBI is a database of small chemical molecules that are of interest in the field of biology.
• PubChem CID (Compound Identifier): PubChem is a database of chemical compounds that is maintained by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
• RTECS number (Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances): The RTECS is a database of information on the toxic effects of chemicals, including information on their structures and properties.
• ChEMBL (Compound Bioactivity Data): ChEMBL is a database of bioactivity data for small molecules, including information on their properties and structures.
• CompTox Dashboard (Environmental Protection Agency): The CompTox Dashboard is a database of information on the toxicology and environmental effects of chemicals.

Physico-Chemical properties

LogP and topological polar surface area (TPSA) values were estimated using Open Babel software.

The n-octanol/water partition coeficient (K_ow) data is applied in toxicology and drug research. K_ow values are used, to guess the environmental fate of persistent organic pollutants. High partition coefficients values, tend to accumulate in the fatty tissue of organisms. Molecules with a log(K_ow) (or LogP) greater than 5 are considered to bioaccumulate.

TPSA values are the sum of the surface area over all polar atoms or molecules, mainly oxygen and nitrogen, also including hydrogen atoms.

In medicinal chemistry, TPSA is used to assess the ability of a drug to permeabilise cells.

For molecules to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (and act on receptors in the central nervous system), TPSA values below 90 Ų are required. Thus, molecules with a polar surface area greater than 140 Ų tend to be poorly permeable to cell membranes.